报告题目：Farm vehicles exceed safe mechanical limits for soil functioning--on the insidious subsoil compaction ratchet under no-till farming
报告人：Dani Or 院士/教授
报告时间：2025年8月6日（周三） 9:00--10:00
报告地点：研究生楼718会议室
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报告人简介：
Dani Or，土壤水文物理和微生态领域杰出专家，美国国家工程院院士，内华达大学杰出教授，苏黎世联邦理工离休讲席教授，美国土壤学会、地球物理学会和地质学会等会士，戈登会议主席，土壤学及相关领域至高荣誉Kirkham Soil Physics Award、Birdsall-Dreiss Distinguished Lecturer、Helmholtz International Fellow Award，AGU Langbein Lecturer，European Geosciences Union Dalton Medal，Caltech Moore Scholar 等获得者。主要从事土壤水分、能量及溶质运移、土壤滑坡和雪崩机理解析与预警、土壤蒸散及其对土壤生物物理过程和生命活动的影响等前沿交叉研究，在Nature (2)、PNAS (4)、Nat Commu (4)、Nat Rev Earth Environ (2)、ISME (3)、WRR (92) 等国际顶级期刊发表SCI论文360余篇。
报告摘要：
Mechanization has greatly contributed to the success of modern agriculture. However, the increase in capacity has been accompanied by higher vehicle weights that increase risks of subsoil compaction. We show that while surface contact stresses remained nearly constant over the course of modern mechanization, subsoil stresses have propagated into deeper soil layers, and now exceed safe mechanical limits for soil ecological functioning as seen in a global map of subsoil compaction susceptibility. A risk exists for subsoil compaction ratchet due to episodic passage of heavy machinery (e.g., harvesters). The term “ratchet” reflects the dynamic nature of this unseen threat in which compaction events occur more frequently than the natural rates of soil structure recovery. Our analyses show that nearly 40% of global no-till lands (0.8 million km2) are under high subsoil compaction risk (primarily in Canada USA, and Brazil). As the total weight of modern harvesters is now approaching that of the largest animals that walked the Earth, the sauropods, a paradox emerges of potential prehistoric subsoil compaction that we will briefly present. Mitigation of subsoil compaction requires scaling of harvesting operations to soil mechanical limits or adoption of smaller robotic harvesters will contribute to a sustainable and holistic conservation agriculture.
资源与环境学院
2025年8月1日
